【楊海文】“本意天良之明”的掩蔽與喚醒 ——夷子在“親親”等問題上“逃墨歸儒”一包養行情的倫理學解讀

Keywords: Confucianism/MoCultivation marketMeng Yi’s meaning/good nature/kindness/natural/natural/natural/title of original intention

Title notes:This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund’s key project “Han Tang Mencius Thoughts on History” (editor 18AZX011).

Chapter 5 of “Mencius, Teng Wengong” includes profound but difficult to clearly understand the principles (see Yang Haiwen, 2017, pages 64-69), which is worth our further exploration from the perspective of “original conscience”. “Original conscience” and “conscience” (“Mencius: Gaozi 1”) were all proposed by Mencius. We often say “Touch your own conscience” and “ask your own conscience”, which shows that conscience and conscience occupies a great weight in people’s thinking and consciousness. “This Baocai Webmaster‘s will and will be a conscience” is a verb that Zhu Xi once used, but “Mencius Collection of Notes” and even “Four Chapters and Quotations Collection of Notes” were only used twice, and they were all used to explain the relationship between Meng and Yi in Chapter 5 of “Teng Wengong”, so it has a great sense of thinking about history.

The relationship between Meng and Yi refers to the discussion between Yizi, a believer in the Mohist school, and Mencius. Didn’t Yizi, who had no original intention or conscience before the discussion? Does his original intention and conscience do not exist? We can only say that his original intention and conscience were concealed because he said “Love is indefinitely官网“; and his original intention and conscience are truly there, which proves that he trusts “giving from the beginning” and buried his parents with great burial. After the discussion, Yizi’s original intention and conscience are awakened from the concealed state. He realized that “giving from the beginning” is truly self-real, while “love is inseparable” is wrong, and the two cannot be compared and discussed. How did Yizi turn from a Mohist believer to Confucianism?

1. Challenge for the general nature of nature

There is a fact that we must first explain: Before discussing with Mencius, Yizi did a big thing – “bury his kindness”. Although Chapter 5 of “Teng Wengong” begins with “Mo Yi asked for seeing Mencius because of Xu Pi”, and then said, “Another day, he asked for seeing Mencius”, this big thing is obviously not a problem. href=”https://tw98findmylove.org/”>Sweetheart Baobaobaobaobao Network Born between Yizi and asked for Mencius twice, but it happened long ago. As a believer of the Mohist school, Yizi buried his parents for a grand funeral, this is not a big event in the eyes of Confucianism, but a big event. In other words, before Yizi discussed with Mencius, his parents were his parents. After passing away, he treated his parents with a grand funeral. Only after catching this point did we rush into the discussion between Mencius and Yizi.

Yizi asked for a visit to Mencius for the first time through Xu Pi, but Mencius refused on the grounds of excuse. Mencius thought that since you want to see me, you must have some sincerity. The so-called sincerity is Zhu Xi’s saying: “Mencius was sick, and he also asked to express his integrity to see the meaning. “(Zhu Xi, page 244) Zhao Qi’s sayings are: “I want to see Mencius, and I want to express the Tao. “(See Jiao Xun, page 401) Yizi wanted to meet Mencius because he wanted to discuss the wrong thing between Confucianism and Mohism. Zhao Qi and Zhu Xi’s explanations are both reasonable and can be done without conflict.

When he first proposed a meeting with Yizi, Mencius said, “Now I am still sick and recovered, I will go and see you” (Mencius, Teng Wengong. 1. The following quotesBaohao.com‘s book only has the title of the article. Is he really sick, or is he called a dia? Zhu Xi suspected that he was called a dia. Whether it was a dia or not, it left at most a time for Mencius. Mencius used this time to understand the people and things about Yizi. Because Mencius had a main interpretation of the way to read books, which was to know people and discuss the world. (See “Wuanzi” Chapter 2) I don’t know that people are not good at the world, but don’t know the good deeds, you will never be able to master any work.

This period, Mencius knew that Yizi was a Mohist, and as a Mohist, he actually “buryed his kindness”. Believing in the appearance of Mohist and practicing Confucianism is exactly Yizi’s shortcomings. After grasping this self-contradictory shortcoming, when Yizi proposed to see Mencius for the second time, Mencius said: “I can see it now. If you are not straight, you will not see it. I’ll just keep it straight. “(“Teng Wengong 1”) That is, I can see you,But if you don’t speak directly, the truth will not come out. Therefore, I want to tell you. This actually means to say ugly things at the forefront.

What is unexpected is that Yizi and Mencius did not meet directly, and their conversations were told through Mengmen student Xu Pi. Can someone tell me not to be nervous? The key is: “I heard of Yizi Mo. Mo. Mo’s rule is to take thinness as his way. Yizi thought of Yi nationwide, but he thought it was not right but not expensive? But Yizi buried his kindness, so he was beautiful because of what he paid for? Is it difficult to say… who is it? ” (Same as above) There are four key points in this paragraph: First, Yizi is a believer of the Mo family; second, the principle of the Mo family’s handling of the matter is a thin burial; third, Yizi believed that as long as the thin burial is right, nothing else is right; fourth, Yizi buried his parents well, and the thick burial is a Confucian theory that he looked down upon. The above is Mencius’ basic judgment on Yizi.

This judgment was reported to Yizi through Xu Pi. Mencius Baoqing.com originally wanted to make Yizi answer: Why did you have a grand burial? Which is better, thin burial or thick burial, and which one is not better? This is a problem set by Mencius. Yizi brought up another problem – love and benevolence. His reliance was: “The way of Confucians was that the ancients ‘if they were innocent’. What is this saying? In this way, they thought that love was no different, and giving started from the perspective of “(same as above) Because Yizi had the idea of ​​love and benevolence, and believed that love was higher than benevolence, which led to the reconciliation of this discussion.

Yizi secretly pointed out the Confucian classic saying “If you protect the innocent child”, and Mencius’ response said, “The innocent child will enter the well, which is not the sin of the innocent child” (ibid.). When ordinary people read Chapter 5 of “Teng Wengong” and always stop at this point, they feel agitation in their hearts, and they can’t help but think of what “Kong Sun Chou” says: “Therefore, everyone has the heart to be unbearable. When the ancients first saw that a child would enter the well, they all had the heart to be afraid and bewildered.” Why do everyone say that they are not willing to bear it? The example of Mencius is: Now someone suddenly sees a child about to be lost and enters a well. His heart is shocked, and he is afraid of being worried and hiding. He will definitely immediately stop searching for the dead, and never hesitate to save the child. Doing this way, “notIt is not to be friends with children’s parents, but to be recognized by the country’s family, but not to be accustomed to their voices” (“President Chou&#8